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California

Requires ammo background checks and purchase through a licensed CA ammunition vendor; out-of-state sellers must ship ammo to a CA ammo vendor for in-person transfer. Handgun sales are limited to models on the CA DOJ roster; various dealer/device rules also apply. California DOJ+4California DOJ+4California DOJ+4

New York

Since Sept. 2023, ammo sales must go through licensed ammunition sellers and are subject to NY State Police background checks with electronic recordkeeping; NYSP runs the check system. Online sellers typically ship to a registered NY ammo seller for pickup. Gun Safety+2Gun Safety+2

New Jersey

Treats 9mm as handgun ammunition: dealers must electronically record every handgun-ammo sale and submit to NJSP; 2,000+ rounds must be reported immediately. NJ also has dealer/employee licensing and FPID/ID verification norms. New Jersey Legislature+2New Jersey Legislature+2

Connecticut

Buyers need an Ammunition Certificate (or other CT firearms credential) to purchase ammo; state materials summarize eligibility and expirations. (Recordkeeping not required under CT law, but check current guidance.) Connecticut General Assembly+2Connecticut General Assembly+2

Massachusetts

Buyers must hold a FID/LTC to purchase/possess ammo; sellers need a state ammo-dealer license. Firearm transfers are further limited by the Approved Firearms Roster (and related guidance). Many vendors avoid direct-to-consumer ammo shipments to MA because of these in-state licensing requirements. Mass.gov+3Massachusetts General Court+3Massachusetts General Court+3

Illinois

Purchasing/possessing any ammo requires a FOID (or IL CCL). State law expressly allows mail-order/online ammo if the buyer provides FOID + IL ID, and the shipment goes to an address on those IDs. Illinois General Assembly+1

Maryland

Firearm sales are constrained by the Handgun Roster (only approved handguns may be sold), and buyers of handguns need an HQL. These roster/HQL rules often affect what you can ship into MD or what MD FFLs will accept. Maryland State Police+1

District of Columbia (D.C.)

Extremely limited: ammo sales/transfers are generally prohibited except as allowed by statute (typically via licensed dealers and for registered firearms). Direct-to-consumer ammo shipping into D.C. is not viable. D.C. Law Library+1

Washington (state)

Not ammo-specific, but relevant for firearm shipments: assault-weapon sales/import/distribution are banned statewide (since Apr. 25, 2023) and large-capacity magazines are banned to sell/import. All firearm transfers (including online) must route through an FFL with background checks. (WA also licenses ammunition dealers.) Washington State Legislature+3Washington State Legislature+3